Reducing-socket ratchet nut-wrench



(No Model.)

J. A. MILLER.

Reducing Socket Ratchet N u't Wren-0h.

No. 239,972. Patented April 12,1881.

HJIHIIIIIIHIHIIIIHINMIMm lllli'llll-lllllllllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. MILLER, OF ST. CHARLES, MISSGURI.

RED UClNG-SOCKET RATCHET NUT-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,972, dated April 12, 1881.

Application filed January 25, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN A. MILLER, of St.

- Charles, Missouri, have made a new and use- Fig. l, the plate that incloses the pawl being removed; Fig. 4, a section taken on the line at m, Fig. 3, through the wrench proper; Fig. 5, a section taken on the line a2 :0, Fig. 3, through the wrench proper; Fig. 6, a section taken on the line 3 y, Fig. 3; Fig. 7, a detail, being a side elevation of that portion of the tool containing the pawl, the plate that incloses the latter being shown in place; and Fig. 8, an edge elevation of the pawl-inclosing plate. The same letters denote the same parts. The present invention is an improvementin that class of nut-wrenches which are operated by a ratchet and pawl, enabling the wrench to be turned continuously without removal from the nut to which it is applied by a backward and forward movement of the wrench-holder. The improvement relatespartly to the mode of holding the pawl in the wrench holder, partly to the means used in detaching the pawl from the ratchet, and partly to the construction of the holder-handle. Referring to the drawings, A represents the improved wrench, having the wrench proper, B, provided with the ratchet O, and the wrenchholder D, provided with the pawl E and handle F. The wrench B turns in the holder D in the usual manner, and is held in place therein as follows: The ratchet O is larger in diameter than the body I) of. the wrench, and

when the wrench is in place one side, 0, of the ratchet comes against the side of the holder, operating to hold the wrench in the holder in one direction, and in the opposite direction it is held by means of a lip, c, with which the pawl Eis furnished, and which lip, when the pawl is in engagement with the ratchet, comes against the side 0 of the ratchet.

The pawl E is held in the holder as shown in Fig. 3, the inner end, 6, of the pawl being rounded and bearin' g, when engaging with the ratchet, against a seat, 6 of corresponding curvature in the handle. The pawl is also furnished with a projection, 6 by means of which the pawl can be drawn away from the ratchet. The pawl is forced against the ratchet by means of a spring, G, which is preferably a coil-spring, as shown, and which encircles a projection, g, on thepawl, the inner end of the spring being conveniently held in a socket, f, in the handle, as seen in Fig. 3. The socket f also receives the outer end of the projection g as the pawl is drawn backward from the.

ratchet. As the pawl is thus withdrawn by means of the projection 0 its inner end, 6, has

a tendency to slip out of the bearing c To prevent this the pawl is perforated at e to admit a pin, h, which may be attached to the main portion of the holder, but which is preferably attached to a plate, H, Figs. 7 and 8. After the pawl has been put in place, as seen in Fig. 3, the plate H, by means of suitable screws, h, is attached to the holder inclosin g the pawl,

and the pin It, passing into the perforation 6 serves to keep the pawl from slipping from its bearing. The pin 6*, however, is not intended to support the pawl in operating the wrench, the strain then coming on the bearing 6 The wrench, so far as turning the nut is concerned, is opera-ted in the customary manner.

When it is desired to uphold the wrench upon a nut that is above the operator, (as in screwing nuts upon the under side of a railway-car,) a set-screw, I, Figs. 2, 3, 4, may be advantageously used. By turning it inward the inner end of the screw is made to bind upon the nut and hold the wrench thereto. To

remove the wrench from the holder the pawl the wrench and into or through the socket, as

shown in Fig. 5. After the wrench is in the holder the pin 7c is prevented from slipping backward out of place.

The holder-handle F is squared at f, rounded at f and at f is made narrow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cavity the Wrench can be conveniently applied in turning nuts near to an extended flat surface.

I claim 1. The combination of the holder D, having the rounded seat 0 the pawl E, having the rounded end 0, and the projection 0 the spring G, and the pin h, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the holder D, having the rounded seat 0 the plate H, and pin h, and

the pawl E,having the projection 6 rounded end 0, and the perforation 6 substantially as described.

3. The combination of the wrench B,ratchet O, holder 1), having lthe seat 6 the pawl E, having the rounded end 6, the projection 6 and the perforation e, and the spring G, and plate H, having the pin h, substantially as described.

JOHN A. MILLER.

Witnesses LOUIS H. BREKER, MoRsE B. SOHAFFER. 

